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The Popes: St. Peter-Present (Alpha/Detail) (5) |
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The Popes: From St. Peter to Present (Cont.)
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Supreme Pontiff |
Detail
(dates*,
ages, prior name, feast, comment/attributes, etc.) |
|
St. Innocent I [40] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: December 21/22, 401
End
of Reign: March 12, 417
Date
of Death: March 12, 417
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 15 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): July 28
The
Roman Empire fell during his papacy. He promoted clerical
celibacy, confirmed Bishops as the ordinary minister of
Confirmation, forbid sacred prayers from being spoken in front of
infidels, fought the Pelagian heresy, and clearly enunciated papal
primacy. First pope to be son of his predecessor, St. Anastasius I
(clerical continence did not apply before being elevated to major
orders). |
|
Innocent II [165] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: February 14/23, 1130
End
of Reign: September 24, 1143
Date
of Death: September 24, 1143
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 13.5 years
Prior
Name (if different): Gregorio Papareschi
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Was
elected quickly upon the death of Honorius. Another election was
held and another candidate was chosen. Both were consecrated pope
on the same day and an eight year schism ensued. At one point he
was forced to retreat from Rome. Innocent was more widely
recognized as pope and his rival died in 1138. Innocent held the
Second Lateran Council which annulled the actions of the antipope.
He also confirmed the condemnation of the heretic Peter Abelard.
Later he was held prisoner, and suffered a rift with the French
king as well as rioting in Rome. |
|
Innocent III [177] |
Birth
Date: c. 1160/1161
Beginning
of Reign: January 8, 1198
End
of Reign: July 16, 1216
Date
of Death: July 16, 1216
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 37-38
Lived
to Approx. Age: 55-56
Approx.
Length of Reign: Just over 18.5 years
Prior
Name (if different): Lotario
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
A
young man with a high regard for the papal office, he defended the
temporal and spiritual powers of the papacy. He was a skilled
diplomat who defended the sanctity of marriage. He considered
heresy treason against God and is praised for his legal skills. He
recognized the orders of St. Dominic and St. Francis of Assisi and
called for a crusade against the Albigenses (who had murdered his
legate). He called the Fourth Lateran Council which required
annual confession and annual reception of Holy Communion,
reinforced the necessity of being in the Church for salvation,
formally canonized the term 'Transubstantiation', and fought
heresy. |
|
Innocent IV [181] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: June 25, 1243
End
of Reign: December 7, 1254
Date
of Death: December 7, 1254
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Nearly 11.5 years
Prior
Name (if different): Sinibaldo Fieschi
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Called
a general council in Lyons which condemned the emperor. Promoted
papal power, struggled for years against the emperor, issued
collections of legal rulings, fought heresy (allowing the use of
severe punishments by the inquisitors), promoted missions. [Note:
Innocent's allowing of torture in fighting heresy is shocking to
modern sensibilities, but it may, perhaps, appear somewhat less
shocking when considered in context. For example, consider that:
the Church's tribunals may have allowed less severity than
permitted in secular courts (persons, therefore, may have
preferred the Church's tribunal to secular courts) and that
torture may have been employed only for cases of extreme gravity
where guilt appeared certain and when lesser measures were
unsuccessful. If one considers the Church's duty to save souls
from eternal torment that may arise from adherence to heresy, Her
refusing to spare bodies from temporary punishment to prohibit
this worse (eternal) loss may, possibly, make such decisions somewhat easier
to fathom.] |
|
Bl. Innocent V [186] |
Birth
Date: c. 1215/1224
Beginning
of Reign: January 21, 1276
End
of Reign: June 22, 1276
Date
of Death: June 22, 1276
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 52-61
Lived
to Approx. Age: 52-61
Approx.
Length of Reign: Approx. 5 months
Prior
Name (if different): Pierre of Tarentaise
Feast
Day (if applicable): June 22
First
Dominican pope. Reconciled Genoa with King Charles. Died after a
short pontificate |
|
Innocent VI [200] |
Birth
Date: 1282
Beginning
of Reign: December 18, 1352
End
of Reign: September 12, 1362
Date
of Death: September 12, 1362
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 70
Lived
to Approx. Age: 80
Approx.
Length of Reign: Nearly 10 years
Prior
Name (if different): Etienne Aubert
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Still
in Avignon, this pope protected papal power, uprooted abuses, and
recovered most of the Papal States. His pontificate witnessed much
military turmoil. |
|
Innocent VII [205] |
Birth
Date: c. 1336
Beginning
of Reign: October 17, 1404
End
of Reign: November 6, 1406
Date
of Death: November 6, 1406
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 68
Lived
to Approx. Age: 70
Approx.
Length of Reign: Just over 2 years
Prior
Name (if different): Cosimo Gentile de' Migliorati
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
His
papacy continued in a time of discord. He was unable to end the
Great Schism of the West and at one point had to escape Rome. |
|
Innocent VIII [214] |
Birth
Date: 1432
Beginning
of Reign: August 29, 1484
End
of Reign: July 25, 1492
Date
of Death: July 25, 1492
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 52
Lived
to Approx. Age: 60
Approx.
Length of Reign: Nearly 8 years
Prior
Name (if different): Giovanni Batistta Cibo
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
His
pontificate saw the breakout of anarchy in Rome and the Papal
State. He condemned witchcraft and has been charged with
questionable fund raising. |
|
Innocent IX [231] |
Birth
Date: July 20, 1519
Beginning
of Reign: October 29, 1591
End
of Reign: December 30, 1591
Date
of Death: December 30, 1591
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 72
Lived
to Approx. Age: 72
Approx.
Length of Reign: 62 days
Prior
Name (if different): Giovanni Antonio Fachinetti
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Worked
to improve sanitation and reduce lawlessness. Already ill, he
caught a chill visiting seven pilgrimage churches and died about
two months into his papacy. |
|
Innocent X [237] |
Birth
Date: May 7, 1574
Beginning
of Reign: September 15, 1644
End
of Reign: January 1, 1655
Date
of Death: January 1, 1655
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 70
Lived
to Approx. Age: 81
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 10 years
Prior
Name (if different): Giambattista Pamfili
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
First
pope to use a Secretary of State. He fostered supported missionary
activity and condemned Jansenism. His papacy witnessed various
military strifes. |
|
Bl. Innocent XI [241] |
Birth
Date: May 19, 1611
Beginning
of Reign: September 21, 1676
End
of Reign: August 12, 1689
Date
of Death: August 12, 1689
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 65
Lived
to Approx. Age: 78
Approx.
Length of Reign: Almost 13 years
Prior
Name (if different): Benedetto Odescalchi
Feast
Day (if applicable): August 12
He
restored papal finances, and sought strict observance of vows,
careful selections of clerics, and increased public decency. He
also sought to check the Turkish threat. His papacy saw continual
conflicts with France. |
|
Innocent XII [243] |
Birth
Date: March 13, 1615
Beginning
of Reign: July 12, 1691
End
of Reign: September 27, 1700
Date
of Death: September 27, 1700
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 76
Lived
to Approx. Age: 85
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 9 years
Prior
Name (if different): Antonio Pignatelli
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
This
elderly pontiff reformed the justice system, enlarged harbors to
promote trade, assisted the poor, decreed against nepotism, and
handled diplomatic matters with France. |
|
Innocent XIII [245] |
Birth
Date: May 13, 1655
Beginning
of Reign: May 8, 1721
End
of Reign: March 7, 1724
Date
of Death: March 7, 1724
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 66
Lived
to Approx. Age: 69
Approx.
Length of Reign: Nearly 3 years
Prior
Name (if different): Michelangelo dei Conti
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Attempted
to resolve tensions with secular powers, decreed against
disobedient Jesuits, and rejected Jansenism. He suffered from
illness for much of his papacy. |
|
St. John I [53] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: August 13, 523
End
of Reign: May 18, 526
Date
of Death: May 18, 526
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: "elderly"
Lived
to Approx. Age: "old age"
Approx.
Length of Reign: Nearly 3 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): May 18
Assisted
in ending persecution of Arians. Against the (Arian) king's will,
however, John refused to encourage Arians who were forced (by the
emperor) to convert to Catholicism to reconvert to Arianism. Has
been regarded as a martyr for orthodoxy. |
|
John II [56] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: January 2, 533
End
of Reign: May 8, 535
Date
of Death: May 8, 535
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: "elderly"
Lived
to Approx. Age: "old age"
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 2 years
Prior
Name (if different): Mercury (Mercurius)
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
He
was the first pope to change his own name upon election (his given
name was pagan). He contradicted his predecessor in allowing a
formula that contained elements considered open to
misunderstanding. [Note: Infallibility is not involved here as he
was not intending to pronounce infallibly. Also, the formula could
have an orthodox interpretation.] |
|
John III [61] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: July 17, 561
End
of Reign: July 13, 574
Date
of Death: July 13, 574
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Just under 13 years
Prior
Name (if different): Catelinus
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
During
his reign, he saw the invasion of Italy by the ruthless Lombards.
Completed church of Sts. Philip and James. Praised for generosity
and courage. |
|
John IV [72] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: December 24, 640
End
of Reign: October 12, 642
Date
of Death: October 12, 642
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Approx. 22 months
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Condemned
monothelitism, redeemed captives, argued for an orthodox
explanation of Honorius' statement concerning Christ's will (e.g.
that it referred to his one human will which is not divided by
concupiscence, and not that Christ had only one will). |
|
John V [82] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: July 23, 685
End
of Reign: August 2, 686
Date
of Death: August 2, 686
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Just over 1 year
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Defended
papal primacy. Known for generosity to the poor. Was ill for much
of his pontificate. |
|
John VI [85] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: October 30, 701
End
of Reign: January 11, 705
Date
of Death: January 11, 705
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 3 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Saved
the life of Theophylact (the imperial exarch) and ransomed
captives. |
|
John VII [86] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: March 1, 705
End
of Reign: October 18, 707
Date
of Death: October 18, 707
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Approx. 2.5 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Asked
to ratify or reject decrees of the Emperor's council, he did
neither - he merely returned them. As a result, he has been
charged with cowardice. He was devoted to the Blessed Virgin and
built and restored churches. He Received the return of papal
estates back from the Lombards. |
|
John VIII [108] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: December 14, 872
End
of Reign: December 16, 882
Date
of Death: December 16, 882
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: "old age"
Approx.
Length of Reign: Just over 10 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Fortified
Rome in response to the Arab threat. Was opposed by Formosus (whom
he excommunicated). Considered an arbiter of the imperial office.
Defended the sanctity of marriage. It has been claimed that he was
the first assassinated pope. |
|
John IX [117] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: January 898
End
of Reign: January 900
Date
of Death: January 900
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Approx. 2 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Once
again, Stephen VII's (VI's) actions concerning pope Formosus were
condemned and future trials of dead persons were prohibited. John
restored degraded clerics and ordered an end to the plundering of
the papal palace upon the death a pope. |
|
John X [123] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: March/April 914
End
of Reign: May 928
Date
of Death: 929
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 14 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Much
military and political activity occurred during his papacy. He is
credited with completing the restoration of the Lateran, enhancing
the prestige of the papacy, and restoring peace with the East. He
has also been charged with making some decisions based on expediency
(i.e. confirming a count's five year old son's election to the
archbishopric in exchange for the release of the king). His
determination of remaining independent is said to have upset the
ruler (Theophylact's ruthless daughter Marozia) and is believed to
have resulted in his being deposed, and ultimately killed. |
|
John XI [126] |
Birth
Date: c. 905
Beginning
of Reign: February/March, 931
End
of Reign: December 935 /January 936
Date
of Death: December 935 /January 936
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 26
Lived
to Approx. Age: 30
Approx.
Length of Reign: Under 5 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Alleged
to be the son of pope Sergius III and the ruthless Marozia, the
young John XI is believed to have been controlled by his mother.
During his pontificate, a sixteen year old was consecrated as
Patriarch of Constantinople. His brother took over the city and
John XI may have been imprisoned in the Lateran. |
|
John XII [131] |
Birth
Date: c. 937
Beginning
of Reign: December 16, 955
End
of Reign: May 14, 964
Date
of Death: May 14, 964
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 18
Lived
to Approx. Age: 27
Approx.
Length of Reign: Nearly 8.5 years
Prior
Name (if different): Octavian
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
The
illegitimate son of the temporal rule Alberic was made pope due to
his father's deathbed order. Despite his scandalous reputation and
prohibition against discussing a successor before a pope dies, the
young man became pope at age 18. It is said that he seized every
opportunity of exercising papal authority. Due to the
circumstances he faced, he crowned Otto and is therefore credited
with reinaugurating the Holy Roman Empire (lasting until the
1800's). He is accused of turning the Lateran Palace into a
brothel, plotting with the emperor's enemies, fleeing with the
papal treasury, etc. There was a questionable attempt to depose
him, but he was able to reestablish his position until he died
soon thereafter (believed to be in connection with an adulterous
encounter). |
|
John XIII [134] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: October 1, 965
End
of Reign: September 6, 972
Date
of Death: September 6, 972
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Nearly 7 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
The
pope was imprisoned and exiled by the Romans. He later escaped and
returned to Rome where he was welcomed back. The emperor exacted
vengeance on the Romans for their actions against the pope. John
promoted clerical celibacy, crowned the emperor's son, and married
him (the emperor's son) to a pious princess. |
|
John XIV [137] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: December 983
End
of Reign: August 20, 984
Date
of Death: August 20, 984
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Approx. 8 months
Prior
Name (if different): Peter Canepanova
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Changed
his name in honor of the first pope. After the death of the
emperor, he was vulnerable. He was ultimately overthrown,
assaulted, imprisoned, and died (possibly of starvation or
poisoning) |
|
John XV [138] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: August 985
End
of Reign: March 996
Date
of Death: March 996
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Approx. 10.5 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Secured
peace between the King of England & Duke of Normandy and
officially canonized St. Ulrich (the first formal canonization by
a pope). At one point he was forced out of Rome. |
|
John XVII [141] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: May 16, 1003
End
of Reign: November 6, 1003
Date
of Death: November 6, 1003
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Nearly 6 months
Prior
Name (if different): John Sicco
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Possibly
a member of the Crescentii family. Pontificate is believed to have
been under the domination of John Crescentius. |
|
John XVIII [142] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: December 25, 1003
End
of Reign: June/July 1009
Date
of Death: June/July 1009
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Approx. 5.5 years
Prior
Name (if different): John Fasanus
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Possibly
a member of the Crescentii family. Asserted papal primacy.
Declared saints. May have abdicated before he died (he died as a
monk). |
|
John XIX [145] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: April 19, 1024
End
of Reign: October 20, 1032
Date
of Death: October 20, 1032
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Approx. 8.5 years
Prior
Name (if different): Romanus
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
A
relative of Benedict VIII, he was similarly elected due to the
powerful Tusculum family. He was a layman at his election. As
pope, he crowned the emperor and has been considered
"politically astute". |
|
John XXI (XX) [188] |
Birth
Date: c. 1205/1220
Beginning
of Reign: September 8, 1276
End
of Reign: May 20, 1277
Date
of Death: May 20, 1277
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 56-71
Lived
to Approx. Age: 57-72
Approx.
Length of Reign: Approx. 8 months
Prior
Name (if different): Pedro Juliao (Peter of Spain)
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Sought
to maintain the union of the Greek Church with Rome. Ordered
investigation of false doctrines taught in Paris. Suspended the
previous decree regarding conclaves. Died suddenly when the
ceiling collapsed. Note: Confusion in the numbering of popes
resulted in there being no John XX. |
|
John XXII (XXI) [197] |
Birth
Date: c. 1244
Beginning
of Reign: August 7, 1316
End
of Reign: December 4, 1334
Date
of Death: December 4, 1334
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 72
Lived
to Approx. Age: 90
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 18 years
Prior
Name (if different): Jacques Duese
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
He
built up Avignon, redrew diocesan boundaries, disputed with
Franciscans, and promoted missions. He was accused of heresy for
maintaining that the saints do not enjoy the Beatific Vision until
the final judgment. He eventually retracted his incorrect position
(which he said was his own private view, and not an official papal
teaching). |
|
St. John XXIII [262]
[Related:
What's Up With The Recent Papal Canonizations? (Guest Article)]
|
Birth
Date: November 25, 1881
Beginning
of Reign: October 28, 1958
End
of Reign: June 3, 1963
Date
of Death: June 3, 1963
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 77
Lived
to Approx. Age: 82
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 4.5 years
Prior
Name (if different): Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli
Feast
Day (if applicable): October 11
John
XXIII "shocked the world" on January 25 1959 when he
announced his plan of convoking the Second Vatican Council. He
also added St. Joseph's name to the canon of the Mass, wrote on
the need to retain the Latin language, and pressed for peace. He
died shortly after the first session of Second Vatican Council
Related:
What's Up With The Recent Papal Canonizations? (Guest Article)
|
|
John Paul I [264] |
Birth
Date: October 17, 1912
Beginning
of Reign: August 26, 1978
End
of Reign: September 28, 1978
Date
of Death: September 28, 1978
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 66
Lived
to Approx. Age: 66
Approx.
Length of Reign: 33 days
Prior
Name (if different): Albino Luciani
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
He
was the first pope to take a double name (for his predecessors
John XIII and Paul VI) He broke precedent by failing to receive
the papal tiara at his coronation. The new pope died suddenly
about a month after election. |
|
St. John Paul II [265]
[Related:
What's Up With The Recent Papal Canonizations? (Guest Article)]
|
Birth
Date: May 18, 1920
Beginning
of Reign: October 16, 1978
End
of Reign: April 2, 2005
Date
of Death: April 2, 2005
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 58
Lived
to Approx. Age: 85
Approx.
Length of Reign: Almost 26.5 years
Prior
Name (if different): Karol Wojtyla
Feast
Day (if applicable): October 22
During
his long reign, John Paul traveled extensively, wrote
voluminously, and enjoyed widespread popularity. He defended life,
rejected contraception, confirmed that women are incapable of
receiving holy orders, suffered an assassination attempt, issued a
new Code of Canon Law, canonized more saints than any previous
pope, sought peace, worked to defeat a communist empire, and
suffered with an illness for years before his death. He was the
first Polish pope.
Related...
*
What's Up With The Recent Papal Canonizations? (Guest Article)
*
"Great" Popes: When a Pope Should Be & Should Not Be Called Great
(User-Submitted Article)
|
|
St. Julius I [35] |
Birth
Date: N/A
Beginning
of Reign: February 6, 337
End
of Reign: April 12, 352
Date
of Death: April 12, 352
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A
Lived
to Approx. Age: N/A
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 15 years
Prior
Name (if different):
Feast
Day (if applicable): April 12
Condemned
the Arians, built churches (including Santi Apostoli and Santa
Maria in Trastevere), confirmed Roman See as highest court of
appeal. |
|
Julius II [217] |
Birth
Date: December 5, 1443
Beginning
of Reign: November 1, 1503
End
of Reign: February 21, 1513
Date
of Death: February 21, 1513
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 60
Lived
to Approx. Age: 70
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 9 years
Prior
Name (if different): Giuliano della Rovere
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
A
patron of Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bramante, Julius
"aspired to rebuild Rome". This powerful pontiff called
the Fifth Lateran Council, strove to extend the papal state,
established the first Latin American diocese, conducted military
campaigns, and issued the dispensation allowing the future Henry
VIII to marry Catherine of Aragon. Criticized by Protestants for
selling indulgences. |
|
Julius III [222] |
Birth
Date: September 10, 1487
Beginning
of Reign: February 8, 1550
End
of Reign: March 23, 1555
Date
of Death: March 23, 1555
Approx.
Age at Beginning of Reign: 63
Lived
to Approx. Age: 68
Approx.
Length of Reign: Over 5 years
Prior
Name (if different): Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte
Feast
Day (if applicable): N/A
Appointed
Palestrina and Michelangelo, saw the (short-lived) return of
England to Rome, and sought to end heresy in Germany. |
|
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| The Popes
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dates A.D.
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